With the continuous development of the blockchain technology and its applications， the demand for interoperability among blockchains is increasing. However， the isolation and closeness of blockchain as well as the heterogeneity among different blockchains cause the "island of value" effect of blockchain， which seriously hinder the widespread implementation and sound development of blockchain based integrated applications. Cross-chain technology of blockchain solves the problems of data circulation， value transfer and business collaboration among different blockchains， and is also an important approach to improve the scalability and interoperability of blockchains. According to the degrees of the implementation complexity and the function richness of cross-chain technology， the cross-chain technology of blockchain was summarized and then classified into three types： the basic cross-chain mechanisms， the cross-chain protocols based on these mechanisms， and the cross-chain applications with system architectures. Finally， the existing problems in cross-chain interoperations were summed up， thereby providing systematical and theoretical reference for the further research on cross-chain technology of blockchain.